Tanni Haas, Ph.D. | Contributor
Approximately 25% of children require glasses or have other vision-related issues that necessitate a consultation with an eye specialist. The challenge lies in identifying if your child is part of this group. Pediatric ophthalmologist Dr. Luke Randall points out, “Young children can’t articulate if they’re having vision difficulties, and older children might not realize that their blurry vision is atypical.” Below are some prevalent indicators that suggest it might be time for a visit to a pediatric eye care professional:
They sit or stand extremely close to the TV screen
Dr. Randall emphasizes, “One major clue that a child could benefit from an eye exam is their proximity to the TV. If they rush up to stand in front of the screen, it’s a strong indication that their vision needs assessment.” If your child consistently positions themselves too close to the TV, it likely indicates a visual issue rather than just excitement about the programs they’re watching.
They hold phones and laptops at an unusual distance
Similarly, if your child tends to hold their devices very near their face, this may point to an issue. “Should your child need to be exceedingly close to screens to view them clearly, or if they struggle to read text without getting close,” claims optometrist Dr. Sara Johnson, “it may suggest myopia (nearsightedness).” Devices are engineered for a safe viewing space, and excessive closeness can adversely affect their eyesight.
They lean forward while working on school assignments
Another clear sign is if your children lean over their schoolwork or art projects. “Children needing an eye check often bent over their homework or sketches, bringing the paper closer to their faces,” Dr. Randall observes.
They struggle to keep pace with academic tasks
Vision impairments can lead to challenges in maintaining academic performance, potentially causing kids to disengage from homework. Optometrist Dr. Russell Lazarus encourages parents to watch for indicators such as whether children are reading at grade level, losing their place while reading, skipping lines, or tracing text with their fingers. Observing them read aloud can shed light on whether text appears distorted or blurry. “Errors in refraction and other vision issues,” Dr. Lazarus adds, “can significantly hinder reading and impact a child’s overall educational success.” For younger children, Dr. Sarah Lopper suggests being alert to difficulties in identifying colors or learning letters and numbers.
They frequently rub their eyes
Another indicator that it may be time to consult an eye care professional is if your child often rubs their eyes. While it’s normal to rub your eyes when fatigued, persistent eye rubbing during reading can indicate a vision concern. “Children lacking the verbal ability to express vision problems may rub their eyes as a means to alleviate blurred vision,” notes Dr. Lazarus.
They tend to keep one eye closed
Pay attention to whether they frequently close one eye, particularly when playing games on electronic devices or reading. “This behavior may suggest that one eye offers better vision than the other,” states Dr. Johnson. “Closing one eye allows the dominant eye to present a clearer image to the brain.” You can identify which eye is problematic by covering each eye alternately and inquiring about their visual clarity.
They squint often
Frequent squinting is another potential indicator of vision issues. Squinting alters the shape of the eyes, facilitating better focus and limiting light entry, thereby directing it towards the center of the retina. “Squinting at various distances,” Dr. Randall states, “is a strong indicator that your child’s vision may not be optimal.”
They report recurring headaches
If your child mentions experiencing regular headaches, it may be a sign to schedule an eye exam. “While frequent headaches do not automatically imply an eye condition,” Dr. Randall notes, “they can indicate visual difficulties.” This is especially pertinent during near tasks such as reading or using a computer. “Headaches can arise,” Dr. Lazarus adds, “when the eye muscles strain to focus on nearby images.” Another aspect to consider, which an eye specialist can evaluate, is if they experience light sensitivity (photophobia). “If your child suffers from headaches outdoors,” Dr. Johnson states, “this may suggest light sensitivity.” The eye care professional can suggest specialized lenses to alleviate light sensitivity and enhance their visual experience in bright light.
They express discomfort or pain in their eyes
A more evident sign that warrants a visit to an eye specialist is when children report eye pain or other related issues. “Eye pain can signal something as simple as eye strain,” Dr. Randall points out, “but it might also be indicative of a more serious condition.” Likewise, complaints about itching, burning, or scratchiness in the eyes should be concerning. The underlying cause may range from minor to more significant health issues. An eye care professional can provide clarity.
Importance of vision screenings and comprehensive eye assessments
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children undergo vision screenings at birth, again at 6 months, at ages 3-4, at age 5, and subsequently every year. However, parents should take their children to an eye specialist for a thorough examination if they observe any of the warning signs discussed earlier. Alternatively, they can consult their pediatrician for guidance. It is essential to understand the differences between a vision screening, typically conducted by a pediatrician, and a comprehensive eye exam performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, which evaluates a wide range of potential vision-related issues and includes a thorough health assessment of the eyes.
About the Author:
Tanni Haas, Ph.D. serves as a Professor in the Department of Communication Arts, Sciences, and Disorders at The City University of New York – Brooklyn College.
Editor’s Note: This material is not meant to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and it does not constitute medical or other professional recommendations.
